Intracranial Hypertension Syndrome Secondary to Intraventricular Hemorrhage: A Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46900/apn.v6i2.225Keywords:
intracranial hypertension, medical emergency, brain tumorAbstract
Introduction/Backgound: Acute intracranial hypertension (ICH) syndrome is a neurosurgical emergency. Timely diagnosis of ICH is imperative for potential reversibility of the neurological condition. We report the case of a child with bleeding and hydrocephalus secondary to lateral ventricle injury, with an emphasis on the outcome secondary to ICH.
Case Report: A 10-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with a history of progressive holocranial headache and vomiting for 1 day. She progressed with a progressive decrease in the level of consciousness. A computed tomography scan of the head was performed only 12 hours after admission, revealing intraventricular hemorrhage associated with calcifications and ventricular dilation. Upon admission to a specialized service, she had bilateral fixed mydriasis and the absence of brainstem reflexes. Emergency ventriculostomy was performed, but the patient developed brain death the following day.
Conclusion: Besides the delay in diagnosis, the time between diagnosis and emergency neurosurgical treatment also constituted a significant factor in the unfavorable outcome described. In many ICH situations, a simple procedure like ventriculostomy can prevent an unfavorable outcome. Therefore, proper evaluation of pediatric patients and early recognition of clinical signs indicating intracranial
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